UPDATE (March 2024): I learned how to embed the CheerpJ runner right into the Java applets, so they run again. I have thus gotten soccer and tennismatch and spacetag working well again -- try them!
UPDATE (Oct 2023): It seems that the CheerpJ plugin in the Chrome browser can run applets pretty well -- try it!
Until around 2013, virtually all web browsers were able to run most Java applets without difficulty, just by clicking on them. However, recently many web browsers have put up security obstacles, which makes this more challenging.
Usually it is possible to cajole your browser into agreeing to run the applet. Indeed, with enough tweaking, Java applets can still be run by e.g. Firefox and Internet Explorer and Safari (though not by Chrome nor Microsoft Edge). But getting them to run is often surprisingly difficult.
Info and solutions are available at java.com, and for Macs on this discussion page and for Safari from apple.com.
Alternatively, you can download the html and class files (e.g. this html file and this class file; on probability.ca the class file always has the same url as the html file except replace "html" by "class"). You can then run the applet yourself on your own computer, using e.g. appletviewer or the full Java kit.
For Windows machines with the Firefox browser, the following steps (based on notes by Martin J. Osborne) might work to get Java applets running: